Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

Which condition describes prolonged episodes of elated mood and reckless behavior without a history of drug abuse?

1. Major depressive disorder

2. Manic episode as part of a mood disorder

3. Adjustment disorder

4. Generalized anxiety disorder

The correct answer is: Manic episode as part of a mood disorder

The condition characterized by prolonged episodes of elated mood and reckless behavior is indeed best described as a manic episode as part of a mood disorder. In a manic episode, individuals experience an excessively elevated or irritable mood along with heightened energy levels and impulsive behaviors that can include poor decision-making and agitation. This state can last for a week or longer and significantly impacts daily functioning, often requiring clinical intervention. The distinguishing feature is the mood elevation and the potential for engaging in risky activities, which are not attributed to substance abuse or another mental health disorder. The other conditions listed do not share these specific characteristics. Major depressive disorder focuses on persistent sadness and loss of interest, adjustment disorder relates to emotional responses following a specific stressor, and generalized anxiety disorder is primarily associated with chronic worry rather than episodes of mood elevation.