Which behavior is characteristic of a typical three-year-old?

Choosing a tendency to resist external influences as characteristic of a typical three-year-old aligns well with developmental psychology concepts. At this age, children are in the early stages of asserting their independence. They often demonstrate a sense of autonomy, which is a crucial part of their developmental process. Toddlers frequently engage in behaviors that show their willingness to explore boundaries and test limits, which can manifest as defiance or resistance to adult directions and social expectations.

This behavior is part of their natural developmental exploration, where they begin to understand their own preferences separate from those of their caregivers. As they navigate through the world, three-year-olds may often say "no" or refuse to comply with what is typically expected, showcasing their growing self-awareness and desire for control over their own actions.

In contrast, the other options represent behaviors that may emerge later in development or that are not typical for a three-year-old. For instance, seeking external approval is more pronounced in slightly older children, while social norms and the accompanying understanding are developed significantly as they progress into preschool and early school years. Lastly, a marked preference for solitary play might not accurately reflect the social exploration common in this age group, as children often engage in parallel play or begin to play with peers during this stage.