Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

Life span development theory differs from Freudian, Eriksonian, and Piagetian theories by being?

1. Focused solely on early childhood development

2. Not based on specific age-related stages

3. Universal in its applicability across cultures

4. Strictly theoretical with no practical applications

The correct answer is: Not based on specific age-related stages

Life span development theory is characterized by its emphasis on development as a continuous process that occurs throughout an individual's entire life rather than being confined to specific age-related stages. This approach recognizes that individuals can experience growth, change, and adaptation at any point, not just during recognized developmental stages. In contrast, Freudian, Eriksonian, and Piagetian theories are built around distinct stages that individuals go through, often linked to certain age ranges. For example, Erikson's stages of psychosocial development outline specific challenges that must be addressed at various life stages—infancy, adolescence, and so on. Similarly, Piaget's cognitive development stages are age-based, indicating that children must reach certain cognitive milestones before progressing to the next stage. Life span development theory also allows for flexibility and recognizes that experiences in one stage can influence subsequent stages. This viewpoint acknowledges that development can be impacted by a multitude of factors throughout life, including social, economic, and cultural influences, making it a more comprehensive approach to human behavior and development.